Youth And New Sociological Perspectives On Youth...

Historically, young people’s lives were governed by class structure and gender normative roles. However, the decline of traditional institutions and ascribed life courses in late modernity has given rise to the reconceptualization of youth and new sociological perspectives on youth experiences. Rather than defined by social structures, late modern perspectives emphasize the role of agency, that is autonomous decisions, in shaping the lives of contemporary youth. Ulrich Beck’s (1992) individualization thesis highlights the notion of agency in late modern society. According to Beck (1992) individuals are no longer bound by social and cultural constraints and thus must â€Å"construct their own biographies† on the basis of individual choice, failure and aspiration (1992, p.3). However, by focusing on autonomous decisions, the individualization thesis has been criticized for overemphasizing the role of agency and thus rejecting social disparities, such as class, gend er, and race, which continue to shape youth experiences (Cartmel Furlong 2006). In contrast, proponents of the thesis maintain that individualization highlights the evolution of social structures in late modernity, thereby conceptualizing the changing nature of youth experiences (Woodman Wyn 2014). In line with these arguments, this essay will examine young people’s lives in terms of the individualization thesis. Furthermore, it will attempt to address the criticisms associated with individualization. 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